how much did coal miners get paid in the 1980s

This was the room and pillar method of mining common in the Appalachian bituminous coalfields. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of various foodstuffs in the Riga markets. Source: BLS. Many of the reports can be found in. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of foodstuffs and other necessities in Greece. Shows wages paid on American, Belgian, British, Danish, Dutch, French, Spanish and Swedish cargo ships, by occupations including seamen, engineers, first mates, second mates, radio operators, boatswains, firemen, coal passers, stewards, cooks, waiters, messmen, mess boys, carpenters, deck engineers, quartermasters, store keepers, donkey men, and more. Source: Shows the average hourly wages for various occupation both in and outside of Paris. During the Great Depression output was nearly halved from 680 million tons to 360 million. Coal powered industrial America. Shows the hourly, daily, and biannual earnings of different occupations in the Missouri coal industry between 1890-1922. Coal companies also recruited in Europe. In 1900 almost 2 percent of Americans were coal miners. COST OF LIVING Source: Hotel rates can often be found within the advertisements throughout the pages of the. Shows firemen salaries for 25 American cities including New York City, Chicago, New Orleans, Indianapolis, Buffalo, Boston, Detroit, Cleveland, St. Louis, Kansas City and more. For hours on end, a trapper boys ears would take in the strange sounds made by creaking timbers, rattling coal cars, clopping mules, and thudding blasts of explosions deep in the mine, while his eyes would behold surreal sights, like the white bones of ancient fish skeletons and the remains of tropical plants when they were illuminated by the miners lamps. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set Vol. Few words meant more to mine workers than manliness, a quality that connoted dignity, respectability, defiant egalitarianism, and patriarchal male supremacy, in the words of historian David Montgomery. Source: Shows lawyers' incomes instates and regions, by size of community served, by the age of the lawyer, number of years in practice, etc. Includes both land and buildings. 45-57. asked the Secretary of State for Employment whether he will publish in the OFFICIAL REPORT as 89W detailed information as may be readily available showing the numbers and groupings of employees in the coal mines working at the surface and face, respectively, whose basic rates of pay on 1st November 1973 were below the national average wage of 42 per week ; and how far . A room in the Pocahontas seam could be more than 10 feet high, while workplaces in the Kanawha and New River seams often were no taller than four feet. But on some weeks, a miner might work only two or three days because the railroad failed to supply enough coal cars, or because the mine needed repairs. Source: BLS. Dining room furniture, silverware, dish sets. See data considerations for explanation. Source: Includes district-specific information and the average output of coal per person per shift. Source: BLS. Indicates prices per kilowatt-hour by areas and cities. Wages shown in contemporary US dollars. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, no. Wages are shown in Mexican pesos. The deal, brokered by. Women's: Wage rates by occupation in foreign countries (sometimes just to a certain city in the foreign country), assembled for easy comparison to U.S. wage rates for the same occupations. Source: Lists results of 22 studies that show the % of family budget spent in various categories (rent, food, health, etc.). Prices on pp. This mammoth work lists typical earnings as well as job descriptions and working conditions for thousands of occupations just before the Great Depression. Part of a section on Negro women's wages. Source: U.S. Dept of Labor, Compares affordability of food and consumer goods from one year to the next and provides price. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. The carpenters, mechanics, mule skinners, and other mine employees, who enjoyed no such latitude, were known by pit-face miners as company men. By contrast, the pit-face miners saw themselves as autonomous workmen who labored for themselves as well as for the company. Shows forty pages of incomedata with numerous breakouts. Prices are shown in Japanese yen. In some cases, when a shot backfired out of the hole, it ignited coal dust or gas in the miners room and sent fire bursting into the main tunnel, where it could burn or suffocate the mules and their drivers passing through. During the early 1900s, roof falls in the bituminous coal mines killed an average of 886 workers every year, as compared with the 274 deaths per year caused by explosions and fires. As a rule he is paid so much per car, and a definite number of cars constitute a day's workthe number varying in different minesaveraging from five to seven, equaling from twelve to fifteen tons of coal. Shows the average daily wages Greek workers were receiving in metal mines, lignite mines, smelting and refining plants, and quarries. Taken from Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Source: 1934 Statistical Abstract of the United States. Source: American Druggist, January 1923 issue. Shows average value for farm land and buildings from 1850-1982. Managers liked immigrants because they worked for low wages. Source: Shows pay for state carpenters, stage electricians, props men, show directors, agents, ushers and more. Knickerbockers, shirts, high school boy's suits, boy's fine suits, overcoats, winter coats, jackets, pajamas, rain coats, caps and hats, shoes. By 1910, more Italian immigrants lived in McDowell County than anywhere else in the state. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service. Boys discovered that serious men turned into jokers when they toiled underground. He later recalled his terror at being lost in a maze of underground rooms when his lamp went out. Shows average annual expenditure for food, rent, clothing, and medical care per family member. Shows average public employee pay for each state. The struggle between workers and managers in the workplace played out vividly in the Pennsylvania coal mines. Source: BLS Monthly labor review, Apr 1926, Shows the average retail prices of various foodstuffs throughout Switzerland. Source: One-page table shows 80 years of average retail prices for bread, milk, eggs and other common food items. Men's: Photographer + writer. Prices are shown in Mexican pesos. After the top fell, they returned to break and load the fallen coal before another layer of the top came crashing down with a tremendous roar. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Miners waiting to start their shift at the Virginia-Pochahontas Coal Company mine near Richland, Virginia, in 1974. Source: Shows wages by occupation in Belfast, Cork, Glasgow, Dundee, Cardiff, London, Manchester and more. Shows the average daily wages of Japanese and Chinese workers in various occupations for the South Manchuria Railway Co. Wages are shown in both contemporary yen and US dollars. 523. Source: Teachers' salaries and salary trends in 1923. Source: BLS. Following legal tradition, companies usually placed blame and responsibility for injuries on the workers. Shows the daily wages for 11 different occupations in Parahyba, Brazil. Hourly Rate. Frank Keeney wanted to be a first-class tonnage man because he needed to support his widowed mother and two sisters, along with his new wife, a fair teenager named Bessie Meadows, an Eskdale girl who wanted to become a schoolteacher. Wages are shown in both Francs and contemporary US dollars. Miscellaneous: Source: U.S. BLS. HOUSING, FARMS and UTILITIES A good blast could bring down a ton or more of coal from the fractured face. Coal miner Bill Keating composed the ballad Down, Down, Down to break my loneliness and to show my mule I was in a friendly mood., President John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers, convention badge, 1936. Check the, Shows the daily rate of Utah coal mining workers in a variety of jobs and occupations. Coal industry labor strikes were common from the turn of the century up through the 1930s, as were catastrophic workplace injuries and the prevalence of black lung disease. Source: the Historian of the U.S. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, No. Shows salaries for teachers ofkindergarten, elementary school, junior high, high school, vocational school, college, and normal schools (teacher training academies). Bedroom: Patterns for sewing children's clothes, stockings, union suits, toys, bicycles. Appalachian coal production has been on shaky ground almost since the industrys inception in the mid 19th century. Most trapper boys learned how to overcome their fears by watching and listening to the colliers who went underground with them. Shows annual salaries for all school personnel in Texas without breakouts for occupation, years of training, years of experience, etc. Prices are shown in Hungarian crowns. Wages are shown in contemporary US dollars. Source: BLS. Table shows average cost to rent houses by the number of rooms in each of 25 New Zealand cities and towns. As the men removed one pillar after another, the wooden posts used to support the mine top would be strained as the roof started getting heavy. The wood would then creak and groan and then splinter as the miners heard the roof working above their heads and planned their retreat accordingly. One task was to test for the build-up of flammable methane gas. Details the price of various building materials on pp. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of foodstuffs and other staple goods in the Mexican capital. The pit closures the miners had fought so hard to prevent began in earnest. Source: Shows the daily or monthly wages of 13 occupations in the treaty port. 525. Shows weekly wages for male and female workers in common industries such as textile manufacture and mining, and also more uncommon like ice cream manufacture and hospitality services. Before the 1920s most miners were independent contractors. Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Source: Lists costs of running a farm, including costs of power, labor, insurance, interest on loans, etc. Wages are shown in yen. Source: BLS, Shows the average wage rates for 19 different occupations in Hamburg, Germany. Wages are listed in Mexican currency with exchange rate for calculating amounts in U.S. dollars. A mail order catalog for the Fall/Winter season, 1920-1921. See the. Boy's: Before the days of electric cars, many boys served as mule drivers. Others opened large wooden doors just before speeding cars passed through. Use the following hyperlinks to see values for AL, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY. Wages shows in 1930 US dollars. "The fees and cost of books, instruments, board, room, laundry and incidentals will hardly be less than $400 per session of thirty-two weeks." Source: AAUP report. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs . The coal industry required more labor than southern West Virginia could supply. Source: Compares 1922 to1940 wage rates for a variety of RR jobs, pp. Immigrants in southern West Virginia comprised some 25 nationalities, including Italians, Hungarians, Poles, Austrians and Russians. Compares wage rates and hours of work for the WWI and WWII eras, focusing specifically on the manufacturing, mining, railroad, printing and maritime industries, as well as farm labor wages. Dresses, dresses (in color), coats, bonnets and coats, hats, shoes, girl's toys. Also shows the averagecost to rent farm landor pastures by the acre, by county. The miners called this unpaid labor company work.. Source: BLS Bulletins. Under other circumstances, mine tops fell without warning. Average earnings by occupation and districts. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages for various occupations in Tokyo. Every workingman was supposed to have his turn when it came to getting an empty coal car, because each collier deserved an equal opportunity to get his load to the weigh station. A trapper like Frank had to pay close attention to his duties, opening and closing the doors regularly to keep the air moving and to allow coal cars to pass back and forth. Source: Source: Canada Department of Labor report. Includes breakouts by state, source of income, and more. In West Virginia, where mineswere cut near the mountaintops, the overburden was looser and more prone to collapse than in the deeper shaft mines of the North. Recognizable name brand items in the price lists include Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Quaker Oats, Cream of Wheat, Hershey's Cocoa, Aunt Jemima Pancake Flour, Mazola Oil, Wesson Oil, Coleman's Mustard, Post Toasties, Morton's Salt, Knox Gelatin, Sun Maid Raisins, Palmolive soap, Log Cabin syrup, Del Monte canned goods, Heinz ketchup, Gold Medal flour, Carnation Milk, Life Savers candy, Bon Ami scouring powder, Lucky Strike cigarettes, Camel cigarettes, Scott Tissue toilet paper, and many other brand name items. After a temporary escape to attend grammar school, it was the world he reentered in 1900 as an eighteen-year-old man willing and able to load coal for a miners pay. Shows the hourly and weekly wages for 12 principal industries throughout Germany. When the smoke cleared, the collier and his buddy would swing their picks to break up large clumps of coal and shovel the smaller lumps into a mine car; it was back-aching work made more painful by the narrowness of the room. This website does a good job of organizing a complex topic. View object record Steam whistle With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. Read more Employment in coal mining industry in the United Kingdom (UK) 1920-2021 . College professor salaries, 1928 (Source: AAUP report). The strike was officially called to a halt on March the 3rd 1985. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930). by OCCUPATION Source: Monthly price list for Ralph's Grocery Company, which sold only in the Los Angeles area. Working in coal mines is dangerous miners have to deal with toxic . Shows the average daily wages of various occupations in Athens and Piraeus. Source: You may download a pdf version of the 1928, Hotel rates are shown in the advertisements in. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Madrid, Spain. Report published in 1927 includes extensive wage data for women in Tennessee by race, industry, education, and more, circa 1925. Data gathered by the National Industrial Conference Board (a group of industry associations) which used European government publications for information. Firedamp, described as the monster most dreaded by the practical miner, could explode if ignited by sparks or powder blasts, which would send fires raging through mine shafts with hurricane force. Source: The tables show pay for employees engaged in the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, car bodies and parts. Prices are shown in Swiss francs. Processing plants called breaker buildings were symbols of pride for mine communities. It provided a $1.20-a- day wage increase effective Jan, and an increase of 80 cents a day beginning April 1, 1959. Coal mining is a dangerous job requiring skill and judgment. Source: "Income of Lawyers, 1929-1948" in the August 1949 issue of. By 1850, approximately half of Kanawha Countys slaves worked in the salt industrymany mined coal to fuel the furnaces. In 1928, halfof all families had a combined family income of $2000 or less. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. The following is from James Greens The Devil is Here in These Hills. Wages are shown in Dutch guilder. Source: U.S. Federal Trade Commission report. 2012-08-05 00:38:00. Created by Grove Atlantic and Electric Literature, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), A Novel of Putin's Russia That Got Its Writer Beaten Up, What Should You Read Next? Discussion covers the history of minimum wage legislation in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, France, Norway, Argentina, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Uruguay, Hungary, Poland, Italy, and Rumania (Romania) up to 1928. Arthur Lewis. Source: Historical chart shows salaries of members of the U.S. Congress, along with dates of enactment and statutory authority for each pay increase. 7-8 in: Extensive, 219-page report published in the Bureau of Labor StatisticsBulletin no. Published by the National Industrial Conference Board. 294-295. Before the 1930s, many boys worked in mines. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. Source: The cost of living in twelve industrial cities, p. 63. By 1854, forty-six percent of all American pig iron had been smelted with anthracite coal as a fuel, and by 1860 anthracite's share of pig iron was more than fifty-six . Details the price of clothing for men, women, boys and girls on pp. These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. Meal time was cold, cramped, and wet. Cabinets and cookware. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Table shows average 1929 and 1931 weekly wages of full-time store employees, managers, and supervisors by kind and size of chain and location. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (April 1931). After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs spurred a population boom in the region, which stretches from western New York state to Alabama. Compares wages in common industries such as building, engineering, shipbuilding, textiles, railway, agriculture, printing, and in pottery. Shows brand names. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. Shows average charge per case for appendicitis, childbirth, heart troubles, cancer, dental problems and more. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. Chain store prices for a pack of Lucky Strike, Chesterfield, Camel, Old Gold or Piedmont. Describes the labor policy of Great Britain in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Wages are shown in Czech krone. First, the men had topush an empty coal car up wooden rails that they had installed on their own time. Another statute required employers to hire pit bosses to examine every working place in the mine, but only as often as practicable. A third rule required the managers to water the coal dust, but only when they detected a dangerous level of gas. Tools and hardware: Mine foremen attempted various forms of industrial discipline to maximize productivity, but in the early 1900s, coal miners experienced little of the supervision foremen and factory managers imposed on workers; in fact, veteran colliers often became surly when a mine foreman came by their place on his little scooter to check on them. Includes the states of RI, NJ, OH, DE, OK, MO, GA, TN, AR, KY, SC, AL and MS. In 1984 there were 174 deep coal mines in the UK by 1994 - the year the industry was finally privatized - there were just 15 left. Wages are shown in Austrian kronen. Some occupations covered include telephone operators, waitresses, hotel maids, chambermaids, elevator girls, laundry workers, retail clerks, and factory workers in the wood working industry. Source: Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Vienna. Lists wages paid to auto mechanics, office workers, window cleaners, barbers and hairdressers, bartenders in saloons, domestic servants, people working in social agencies, and more. 2-4. Red Ash mine was also the location of a disaster in 1900, which killed forty-six miners. Boys learned the mining craft from their fathers and later passed this knowledge on to their own sons. TRANSPORTATION Salt operators eventually hired more white or free-black laborers due to the risk of investing money in bondsmen, who frequently were killed or injured in the mines. Source: BLS, Shows the average wages for an 8 hour work day in Riga within various industry groups. In West Virginia's colliers, miners were paid 49 cents per ton of clean coal, compared with 76 cents in the unionized mines of Ohio. Shows the daily wages of various common and low-skill occupations like building laborers, canners, and rice mill workers throughout the state. Source: This calculator can be used to determine the historical purchasing power of currency in the United Kingdom from 1270 to 2017. Shows starting salary and increases granted based on marital status and number of children. Shows the average weekly wages of NY factory workers every month over a 14 year period. Salary data for judges inNY, PA, NJ and CT. One-page table shows average charges for residential electricity each year from 1924-1934, for cities over 50,000 in population. The lawmakers apparently agreed with West Virginias Republican governor, G. W. Atkinson, who said in 1901: It is but the natural course of mining events that men should be injured and killed by accidents.. For example, a dollar earned in 2020 had the same buying power as 7 in 1928. Shows data on the number of nursing school graduates from 1880 to 1929 as well as salary information. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Source: BLS, Shows the hourly wages for men and women in Finnish unions. Wages of certain women in the District of Columbia. along with the country of origin, value in that country, transportation charges, duty charges and retail price in the U.S. Includes a photo of most items. (Click image for detail), Marie Concannon, Government Information Librarian Dollars. Shows the weekly earnings for 9 occupations in Amsterdam, Haarlem, the Hague, and Rotterdam. Veteran colliers knew competitive individualism bred greed, hostility, thievery, and a disregard for mine safety. No. Bathroom: Lengthy article reports how much educators earned in Illinois' high schools in 1920-1921. Includes breakouts for those who lived with the family and those who did not. Issues of Telephone engineer & management detail rates for telephone service in many states. At dawn, the workers reported to the payroll clerk in the company office, where they were handed numbered brass checks to attach to each coal car they loaded. Wages are shown in both Italian lire and contemporary U.S. dollars. Its an era of company town labor we are not likely to see return as automation and renewable energy continue to render these kinds of occupations obsolete. Average weekly earnings of male and female workers in the British cotton industry are shown at four periods of time in 1924. They provided their own equipment and often hired assistants; managers extended credit for supplies like dynamite. Source: This short article about wages in Nanking, China reports barbers' earnings in US dollars. But the chorus of foreign languages confirmed managements fears that companies were slipping out of control. On one hand, the miners discipline and death-defying courage made them ideal industrial soldiers; on the other hand, the qualities the men forged in underground combat with the elementsbravery, fraternal fealty, and group solidarityhardened them for aboveground combat with their employers. Fixtures, chamberpots, bathroom soaps, towels, toilet paper. Source: BLS, Shows the wages of a variety of occupations both in and outside of Copenhagen, Denmark. Still he ventures to be brave. Tables are broken down by occupation, sex, and state. Shows average dollar amount spent annually in categories such as food, clothing, maintenance of health, personal goods, furniture and more. Source: BLS, Shows the retail price of various foodstuffs and other items in Prague following Czechoslovakian independence. Aboveground, many miners suffered at the hands of the company men who short-weighed tonnage a man had loaded or docked his pay because slate was found mixed in with the coal. how much did coal miners get paid in the 1950s. Source: BLS. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. Shows pay for those involved in "1st class New York City productions" including actors of various levels (from chorus to leads) as well as directors, designers, scene painters, stage hands, etc. Source: Report of the Salary survey commission to the Pennsylvania General assembly, 1929.

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